guaranteed BLTouch detection

To guarantee that the 5mS pulse from a BLTouch is recognized you need to
have the endstops.update() routine run twice in that 5mS period.

At 200 steps per mm, my system has problems  below a feedrate of 120 mm
per minute.

Two things were done to guarantee the two updates within 5mS:
1) In interrupt mode, a check was added to the temperature ISR.  If the
endstop interrupt flag/counter is active then it'll kick off the endstop
update routine every 1mS until the flag/counter is zero.  This
flag/counter is decremented by the temperature ISR AND by the stepper
ISR.

2) In poling mode, code was added to the stepper ISR that will make sure
the ISR runs about every 1.5mS.  The "extra" ISR runs only check the
endstops.  This was done by grabbing the intended ISR delay and, if it's
over 2.0mS, splitting the intended delay into multiple smaller delays.
The first delay can be up to 2.0mS, the next ones 1.5mS (as needed) and
the last no less than 0.5mS.

=========================================

BLTouch error state recovery

If BLTouch already active when deploying the probe then try to reset it
& clear the probe.

If that doesn't fix it then declare an error.

Also added BLTouch init routine to startup section

Marlin/Marlin_main.cpp

@@ -1987,8 +1987,13 @@ static void clean_up_after_endstop_or_probe_move() {
   #define STOW_PROBE() set_probe_deployed(false)
 
   #if ENABLED(BLTOUCH)
+    void bltouch_command(int angle) {
+      servo[Z_ENDSTOP_SERVO_NR].move(angle);  // Give the BL-Touch the command and wait
+      safe_delay(375);
+    }
+
     FORCE_INLINE void set_bltouch_deployed(const bool &deploy) {
-      servo[Z_ENDSTOP_SERVO_NR].move(deploy ? BLTOUCH_DEPLOY : BLTOUCH_STOW);
+      bltouch_command(deploy ? BLTOUCH_DEPLOY : BLTOUCH_STOW);
       #if ENABLED(DEBUG_LEVELING_FEATURE)
         if (DEBUGGING(LEVELING)) {
           SERIAL_ECHOPAIR("set_bltouch_deployed(", deploy);
@@ -2016,7 +2021,15 @@ static void clean_up_after_endstop_or_probe_move() {
 
     // When deploying make sure BLTOUCH is not already triggered
     #if ENABLED(BLTOUCH)
-      if (deploy && TEST_BLTOUCH()) { stop(); return true; }
+      if (deploy && TEST_BLTOUCH()) {      // If BL-Touch says it's triggered
+        bltouch_command(BLTOUCH_RESET);    // try to reset it.
+        set_bltouch_deployed(true);        // Also needs to deploy and stow to
+        set_bltouch_deployed(false);       // clear the triggered condition.
+        if (TEST_BLTOUCH()) {              // If it still claims to be triggered...
+          stop();                          // punt!
+          return true;
+        }
+      }
     #elif ENABLED(Z_PROBE_SLED)
       if (axis_unhomed_error(true, false, false)) { stop(); return true; }
     #elif ENABLED(Z_PROBE_ALLEN_KEY)
@@ -10435,6 +10448,12 @@ void setup() {
         mixing_virtual_tool_mix[t][i] = mixing_factor[i];
   #endif
 
+  #if ENABLED(BLTOUCH)
+    bltouch_command(BLTOUCH_RESET);    // Just in case the BLTouch is in the error state, try to
+    set_bltouch_deployed(true);        // reset it. Also needs to deploy and stow to clear the
+    set_bltouch_deployed(false);       // error condition.
+  #endif
+
   #if ENABLED(EXPERIMENTAL_I2CBUS) && I2C_SLAVE_ADDRESS > 0
     i2c.onReceive(i2c_on_receive);
     i2c.onRequest(i2c_on_request);

Marlin/endstops.h

@@ -92,4 +92,11 @@ class Endstops {
 
 extern Endstops endstops;
 
+#if HAS_BED_PROBE
+  #define ENDSTOPS_ENABLED  (endstops.enabled || endstops.z_probe_enabled)
+#else
+  #define ENDSTOPS_ENABLED  endstops.enabled
+#endif
+
+
 #endif // ENDSTOPS_H

Marlin/stepper.cpp

@@ -345,6 +345,13 @@ ISR(TIMER1_COMPA_vect) {
 void Stepper::isr() {
   #define _ENABLE_ISRs() cli(); SBI(TIMSK0, OCIE0B); ENABLE_STEPPER_DRIVER_INTERRUPT()
 
+  uint16_t timer, remainder, ocr_val;
+
+  static uint32_t step_remaining = 0;
+
+  #define ENDSTOP_NOMINAL_OCR_VAL 3000    // check endstops every 1.5ms to guarantee two stepper ISRs within 5ms for BLTouch
+  #define OCR_VAL_TOLERANCE 1000          // First max delay is 2.0ms, last min delay is 0.5ms, all others 1.5ms
+
   #if DISABLED(ADVANCE) && DISABLED(LIN_ADVANCE)
     // Disable Timer0 ISRs and enable global ISR again to capture UART events (incoming chars)
     CBI(TIMSK0, OCIE0B); // Temperature ISR
@@ -352,6 +359,36 @@ void Stepper::isr() {
     sei();
   #endif
 
+  #define _SPLIT(L) (ocr_val = (uint16_t)L)
+  #if ENABLED(ENDSTOP_INTERRUPTS_FEATURE)
+    #define SPLIT(L) _SPLIT(L)
+  #else                 // sample endstops in between step pulses
+    #define SPLIT(L) do { \
+      _SPLIT(L); \
+      if (ENDSTOPS_ENABLED && L > ENDSTOP_NOMINAL_OCR_VAL) { \
+        remainder = (uint16_t)L % (ENDSTOP_NOMINAL_OCR_VAL); \
+        ocr_val = (remainder < OCR_VAL_TOLERANCE) ? ENDSTOP_NOMINAL_OCR_VAL + remainder : ENDSTOP_NOMINAL_OCR_VAL; \
+        step_remaining = (uint16_t)L - ocr_val; \
+      } \
+    } while(0)
+
+    if (step_remaining && ENDSTOPS_ENABLED) {   // Just check endstops - not yet time for a step
+      endstops.update();
+      ocr_val = step_remaining;
+      if (step_remaining > ENDSTOP_NOMINAL_OCR_VAL) {
+        step_remaining = step_remaining - ENDSTOP_NOMINAL_OCR_VAL;
+        ocr_val = ENDSTOP_NOMINAL_OCR_VAL;
+      }
+      else step_remaining = 0;  //  last one before the ISR that does the step
+      _NEXT_ISR(ocr_val);  //
+
+      NOLESS(OCR1A, TCNT1 + 16);
+
+      _ENABLE_ISRs(); // re-enable ISRs
+      return;
+    }
+  # endif
+
   if (cleaning_buffer_counter) {
     --cleaning_buffer_counter;
     current_block = NULL;
@@ -407,21 +444,16 @@ void Stepper::isr() {
   }
 
   // Update endstops state, if enabled
-  if ((endstops.enabled
+
-    #if HAS_BED_PROBE
-      || endstops.z_probe_enabled
-    #endif
-    )
-    #if ENABLED(ENDSTOP_INTERRUPTS_FEATURE)
-      && e_hit
-    #endif
-  ) {
-    endstops.update();
 
   #if ENABLED(ENDSTOP_INTERRUPTS_FEATURE)
+    if (ENDSTOPS_ENABLED && e_hit) {
+      endstops.update();
       e_hit--;
-    #endif
     }
+  #else
+    if (ENDSTOPS_ENABLED) endstops.update();
+  #endif
 
   // Take multiple steps per interrupt (For high speed moves)
   bool all_steps_done = false;
@@ -600,7 +632,10 @@ void Stepper::isr() {
 
     // step_rate to timer interval
     uint16_t timer = calc_timer(acc_step_rate);
-    _NEXT_ISR(timer);
+
+    SPLIT(timer);  // split step into multiple ISRs if larger than  ENDSTOP_NOMINAL_OCR_VAL
+    _NEXT_ISR(ocr_val);
+
     acceleration_time += timer;
 
     #if ENABLED(LIN_ADVANCE)
@@ -653,7 +688,10 @@ void Stepper::isr() {
 
     // step_rate to timer interval
     uint16_t timer = calc_timer(step_rate);
-    _NEXT_ISR(timer);
+
+    SPLIT(timer);  // split step into multiple ISRs if larger than  ENDSTOP_NOMINAL_OCR_VAL
+    _NEXT_ISR(ocr_val);
+
     deceleration_time += timer;
 
     #if ENABLED(LIN_ADVANCE)
@@ -702,7 +740,9 @@ void Stepper::isr() {
 
     #endif
 
-    _NEXT_ISR(OCR1A_nominal);
+    SPLIT(OCR1A_nominal);  // split step into multiple ISRs if larger than  ENDSTOP_NOMINAL_OCR_VAL
+    _NEXT_ISR(ocr_val);
+
     // ensure we're running at the correct step rate, even if we just came off an acceleration
     step_loops = step_loops_nominal;
   }

Marlin/temperature.cpp

@@ -33,6 +33,10 @@
   #include "stepper.h"
 #endif
 
+#if ENABLED(ENDSTOP_INTERRUPTS_FEATURE)
+  #include "endstops.h"
+#endif
+
 #if ENABLED(USE_WATCHDOG)
   #include "watchdog.h"
 #endif
@@ -1944,5 +1948,15 @@ void Temperature::isr() {
     }
   #endif
 
+  #if ENABLED(ENDSTOP_INTERRUPTS_FEATURE)
+
+    extern volatile uint8_t e_hit;
+
+    if (e_hit && ENDSTOPS_ENABLED) {
+      endstops.update();  // call endstop update routine
+      e_hit--;
+    }
+  #endif
+
   SBI(TIMSK0, OCIE0B); //re-enable Temperature ISR
 }